Extreme temperatures around the world
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RECORDS REGISTERED BETWEEN 2002 AND 2008 -CLICK HERELatest Records registered during 2009:
Note: celsius degrees are used. Click here to open the Celsius-Fahrenheit degrees ConverterMIN MAX AFGHANISTAN Kabul -25.5 40 Kandahar -12.1 46.5 Jalalabad -7.8 48.8 Mazar al Sharif -24 48.1 Ghazni -31 37 Zaranj 49.6* * a dubious 51.1C was likely taken with not proper instruments Shahrak -52.2 ALBANIA Tirana -10.4 42.1 Durres -6 38.6 Shkoder -12.6 40.5 Elbasan -7.5 42.2 Cerrik -9.4 43.2 Kucova 43.9 Kukes -22 42.5 Sheqeras -25.8 ALGERIA Algiers -4 47.5 Oran -3 44.2 In Salah -3.3 50.6 Adrar -4.5 49.8 Ouargla -6.7 50 Biskra -2.4 49.4 Batna -20 43.8 Constantine -8.8 45.5 Tamanrasset -7 41.6 ANDORRA Andorra La Vella 38.5 Les Escaldes -18 36 Hidroelectrica -16 36 Engolaster Lake -21 33 Ransol -23 36 Grau Roig -27.3 Port d'Envalira -34* * unofficial, likely recorded under not proper exposure conditions ANGOLA Luanda 13.9 36.7 Ondjiva -4* 40.5* * suspicious, likely taken under not proper conditions Silva Porto -5* 31.7* * suspicious, likely taken under not proper conditions Mavinga -3.9 Serpa Pinto -3.2 38.3 Lubango -1 38.3 Catete 39.5 Namuculungo 42* * suspicious, likely taken under not proper conditions Cabinda 12 34.4 ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA Saint John's 15.6 34.1 Botanic Station 15.6 35 Codrington (Barbuda)17.2 35 ARGENTINA Buenos Aires -5.4 43.3 Cordoba -10.3 41.8* * a dubious temperature of 45.6C was recorded in the observatory Bahia Blanca -11.8 43.8 Mar del Plata -9.3 40.2 Mendoza -9.2 44.4 Rosario -11.1 41* * an old temperature of 43.9C was likely taken with not proper instruments Bariloche -21.1 35.5 Santiago del Estero -10 46.4* * a temperature of 47C was recorded in the observatory Catamarca -9 44.4* * a temperature of 47C was recorded in the observatory Tucuman -6 44.2 Salta -9.9 39.9 Campo Gallo -6.8 47.3 Rivadavia -7.2 48.9* * very dubious,likely taken with not proper instruments Villa de Maria -10.5 49.1* * very dubious,likely taken with not proper instruments Ushuaia -21.1 29.4* * unofficial 31C also recorded in other parts of the town Sarmiento -33* 38.3 * dubious Maquinchao -25.6* 37.5 * a dubious -35C was recorded in July 1991 Pato Superior Valley-39 ARMENIA Yerevan -31 41.8 Kumairi -35 36.2 Stepanavan -34 35 Megri -22 43.1 Shurabad (Paghakn)-42.2* 31 * an unofficial temperature of -46C was also recorded Ashotsk -41.9 Aragats Highland -39 21 AUSTRALIA Canberra Airport -10 42.2 Brisbane Airport -0.1 40.2 Brisbane City 2.3 43.2 Darwin Airport 10.4 38.9* * 40.4C also recorded in the Post Office Station in October 1892 Adelaide City -0.4 46.1 Adelaide Airport -2.6 44 Sydney Airport -0.1 45.2 Sydney Observatory 2.1 45.3 Perth Airport -1.3 46.7 Perth City -0.7 46.2 Albany City 0.1 44.8 Esperance City -0.6 46.7 Carnarvon 2.4 47.8 Broome 3.3 44.8 Alice Springs Airp.-7.5 45.2* * 47.5C also recorded in the Post Office Station in December 1891 Cairns Airport 6.2* 40.5* * extremes of 6.1C and 43.2C were recorded in the old city station Melbourne City -2.8 46.4* * 46.8C also recorded in the Airport Station Hobart City -2.8* 40.8 * -3.9C also recorded in the Airport Station in June 1972 Birdsville -1.7 49.5 Mardie 2.9 50.5 Oodnadatta -2.6 50.7 Charlotte Pass -23 33.5 Norfolk Island AP 6.2 28.4 Kingston (Norfolk) 31.7* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments Cocos Island AP 18.3* 32.8 * an old and unofficial temperature of 17.8C also recorded Willis Island 16.4 35.2 Christmas Isl. AP 16.2 31.8 Rocky Point (Christmas I.)33.2 Lord Howe Island 5.9 31.3 Heard Island -10.6 21.6 Macquarie Island -9.4 14.4 AUSTRIA Vienna -25.3* 38.9 * unofficial -27C also recorded in February 1929 Klagenfurt -27.8 37 Linz -27.2 38 Salzburg -31.1 37.7 Graz -28.8 38 Innsbruck -30 37.7 Dellach im Drautal 39.7 Sonnblick -37.4 15 Grunloch -52.6* * unofficial, recorded in February 1932 in a frost hollow AZERBAIJAN Baku -14.7 40 Zakataly -22.8 38.9 Mingechevir -10 42 Goytapa 47.4 Great Caucasus Stat.-42* * an unofficial reading of -45C also recorded Ordubad (Nakhichivan)-33 46 Julfa (Nakhichivan) -33 46 Xankhandi (Nagorno K.) -19 40 BAHAMAS Nassau 5.2 36.5* * an unofficial and dubious 36.7C was recorded in June 1898 Freeport 3 36 BAHRAIN Manama Intl Air. 2.8 47.5 Awali -0.5* * questioned BANGLADESH Dhaka 6.1 42.2 Borga Thana 3 43 Chittagong 7.2 38.9* * 40.6C also recorded in other city station Jessore 2.2 43.2 Rajshahi 45.1 Srimangal 1.7 41.1 BARBADOS Bridgetown City 16.1 35 Grantley Adams AP 16.5 33.1 Gibbons Boggs 15 BELARUS Minsk -39.1 35 Gomel -35 37.3 Vasilevichi -36 38 Tolochin -42.2 BELGIUM Brussels -20.5 37.4 Ostend -16.8 36 Antwerp -17 36.1 Gent -20.6 37.6 Liege -21* 38.4 * -24.4C also recorded in December 1783 Haacht -25.5 38.7 Rochefort -30.1 BELIZE Belmopan 7 36 Belize City 7.8 37.8 Douglas Da Silva St. 6 Sibun Hill 4 Cayo College of Agricul. 42 BENIN Porto Novo 16 37.5 Cotonou 17 36.7 Kandi 8.5 44.5 BHUTAN Thimphu -10 31 Punakha 37.5 Phuentsholing 40 Bathpalathang -12 27 Hurchi -12 Drukgyel Dzong -12.9 BOLIVIA Sucre -5 32 La Paz Downtown -6 27.2 La Paz El Alto -15.2 23 Charana -23.8 26.2 Oruro -22.4 26.4 Potosi -14.1 24 Cochabamba -7 35.6 Tarija -8 39.3 Camiri -5.2 44 Cobija 7 39.2 Santa Cruz 1.8 41.6 Uyuni -25.7* * unofficial temperature of -30C also reported Villamontes -7 46.7 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Sarajevo -26.4 40 Mostar -16.4 43.1 Bihac -29.2 41.2 Livno -29.6 37.6 Brcko -20.5 42 Banja Luka (Sprska R.) -27.4 41.4 Sokolac (Sprska R.) -33.8 Bjelasnica -33.6 25.3 Veliko Polje -43.5 BOTSWANA Gabarone -6.5 41.7 Francistown -6.5 41.1 Ghanzi -8.5 42.2 Tshane -8 41 Tsabong -10.6* 41.4* * extreme temperatures of -15C and 42.6C were recorded under not proper conditions Dikgatlong 42.2 Palapye 42.2 Gomo 42.4 BRAZIL Brasilia 2.1* 35.8* * extreme temperatures of 1.6C and 36.0 were recorded at the Airport station Sao Paulo Downtown -2.5* 35.3* * extreme temperatures of -4.0C and 37.5C were recorded in other parts of the city Rio de Janeiro 4.8 43.2 Salvador de Bahia 15.3 35.5 Recife 17 35.4 Fortaleza 17.6 35.8 Belem 18.4 37.6 Teresina 14.6 40.8 Manaus 17.2 39 Belo Horizonte 2.2 37.1 Porto Alegre -4 40.7 Curitiba -6.3* 35.2* * extremes of -8.9C and 36.0C were recorded in other parts of the city Campinas -1.5 38.9 Foz do Iguacu -4.1 40 Florianopolis -1 38.8 Campo Grande -3.4 40.1 Orleans 44.6 Bom Jesus do Piaui 44.8* * questioned Fazenda Descalvados 44.8* * unofficial and questioned data recorded in November 1901 Sao Joaquim -10 31.4 Xanxere -11.6 39.9 Cacador -14 36.2 Sao Jose dos Ausentes -17* * questioned Morro da Igreja -17.8* * suspicious, likely taken with not proper instruments BRUNEI Bandar Seri Begawan 18.4 38.3 BULGARIA Sofia -31.2 40.2 Plovdiv -31.5 45 Varna -24.3 41.4 Sadovo 45.2 Mussala Peak -31.6 20 Veliko Turnova -38 43 Trun -38.3 BURKINA FASO Ouagadougou 8.5 46.2 Dori 5.7 47.2 Markoye 5 BURUNDI Bujumbura 11 36.1 Kisozi -0.9 CAMBODIA Phnom Penh 12.8 40.5 Siam Reap 9.5 40.3 Battabang 10.4 41 Kampot 14.7 37.2 Stoeng Treng 9.5 41.4 Sisophon 8.6 40.2 Val d'Emeraude 8 CAMEROON Yaounde 11 35.7 Douala 18 37.7 Garoua 10 45.5 Maroua 8 45.9 Kousseri 9.7 47.7* * questioned Ngaoundere 3.2 38 Benoue River -0.7 Fako Peak -2.7* * unofficial CANADA Ottawa -38.9 37.8* * 38.9C also recorded in the old Observatory Toronto City -32.8 40.6 Montreal -37.8* 37.6 * -42C was also recorded in 1859 Quebec City -36.7 36.1 Halifax -29.4 37.2 Saint John's -29.4 33.9 Calgary -45 36.1 Edmonton -49.4 37.2 Vancouver -18.3 33.3* * 35.0C also recorded in the Kitsilano station in July 1965 Victoria -15.6 36.3 Regina -50 43.9 Winnipeg -47.8 42.3 Churchill -49.4 36.9 Dawson -58.3 35 Yelloknwife -53.9 32.5 Sachs Harbour -52.2 24.2 Eureka -55.3 20.7 Alert -50 20 Cape Dorset -42.8 25 Midale -48.3 45 Yellow Grass -45.6 45 Snag -62.8 Mount Logan -77.5* * unofficial CAPE VERDE Praia 13.3 37.3 Sal 10 35.2 Monte Velha 5 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC Bangui 9.8 40.4 Bangassou 10.4 41.2 Birao 3.1 45 CHAD N'Djamena 6.5 45.8* * a questioned 47.0C also recorded in March 1936 Faya 4.5* 47.4* * readings of 2.6C and 49.7C recorded in 1951 and 1952 were taken with not proper instruments Sarh 9.8 45 Bardai -4.5 43 Wour -5 Trou au Natron -7 27 CHILE Santiago -6.8 37.5 Valparaiso 2 36 Arica 1 33.6 Puerto Montt -6.4 32.9 Temuco -8.1 39 Los Angeles -5.7 41.6 Punta Arenas -16.4 30 Balmaceda -28.3 33.4 Ollague -37 Coyhaique Alto -37 Puesto Viejo -40* * unofficial Evangelista Island -7.2 18.8 Juan Fernandez Is. 3 28 Mataveri(Easter Isl.)7.2 31.1 CHINA Beijing -27.4 42.6 Shanghai -12.1 40.2 Nanjing -16.9 43 Fuzhou -1.7 41.7 Guangzhou (Canton) 0* 39.1 * unofficial record of -5.0C was set in January 1893 Shenzhen 1.6 38.7 Chongqing -3 44 Chengdu -5.9 40 Kunming -7.8 32.2 Wuhan -18.1 42 Xian -20.6 42.9 Tianjin -22.9 40.5 Haikou 2.8 42 Shenyang -33.1 39.3 Harbin -41.4 39.2 Urumqi -41.5 42.1 Lhasa -16.5* 29.9 * questioned old readings as low as -20C have not been officialized by China Turpan -28.9 49.6 Mohe -52.3 38 Hong Kong Observatory 0 36.1 Hong Kong Airport 3 37.4 Ta Kwu Ling (Hong Kong)-0.8 37.7 Tai Mon Shan Peak(H.Kong)-5.3 Taipa Obs. (Macao) 37.4 Fortaleza do Monte (Macao)-1.8 38.9 Macao AWS (Macao) 39 Nansha Dao 20.1 39.2 COLOMBIA Bogota Downtown -1.5* 25* * absolute records of -4C and 26.3C were recorded in different stations of the city Bogota Airport -6.4 25.2 Medellin 10 33.6 Pereira 10 34.6 Cali 12 36.5 Barranquilla 18 39.2 Arauca 17.1 40.6 Barrancabermeja 16 41.5 Valledupar 16 41.8 El Salto 42 Sierra Nevada del Cocuy -9.8 22.8 Funza -7.2 Granja Providencia -8.8 Sogamoso -8.8 Berlin -11 San Andres Island 17 34.5 COMOROS Moroni 13.6 35.6 Nzwani (Anjouan) 13.7 33.8 CONGO BRAZZAVILLE Brazzaville 10.3 37.6 Pointe Noire 12.4 34.8 Impfondo 12 39 Sibiti 8.9 CONGO KINSHASA Kinshasa 11.2 36.6 Lubumbashi 0.6 37.2 Kisangani 14.8 38.6 Sakania -1.5 Katanaga Highlands -4* * unofficial Yahila 41 COSTA RICA San Jose City 8.1 33.6 Alajuela 11 35.2 Liberia 12.8 40.1 Puntarenas 17 40 Canas 42 La Fortuna 15 37 Poas Volcano -6 27 Irazu Volcano -5 21 Mount Chirripo -9 24 COTE D'IVOIRE Yamoussoukro 8.2 40.3 Abidjan 14.7 36.2 Bouake 7 40 Odienne 8 41.5 Man 6 39.4 CROATIA Zagreb -27.3* 40.4 * an unofficial temperature of -30.5C also recorded in February 1929 Dubrovnik -7 39.4 Split -9 38.6 Rijeka -12.8 40 Osijek -27.1 40.6 Karlovac 42.4 Ploce 42.8 Varazdin -29 39.3 Cakovec -35.5 Gospic -36* 36.1 * unofficial, questioned CUBA Havana Bay 6 36.2 Havana Rancho Boyero 0* 38.1 * unofficial reading recorded in 1939 Bainoa 0.6 36.3 Camaguey 7.2 37 Santiago 12 38 Guantanamo 11.9 38.6 Jucarito 38.8 Manzanillo 38.8 CYPRUS Nicosia -5.6 44.4 Larnaca -3 41.1 Prodromos -10.2 35.5 Kyrenia (N.Cyprus) -4 41 Lefkonico (North Cyprus) 44.2 CZECH REPUBLIC Prague -27.6 37.8 Prague Uhrineves -29 40.2 Brno -26.4 37 Budwels -40 Litvinovice -42.2 DENMARK Copenhagen -25 33.8 Aalborg -27.2 34 Ronne -20.5 32.6 Holstebro 36.4 Slagelse 35.8 Klemensker 35.1 Horsted/Thy -31.2 Nuuk(Greenland) -29.5 24.2 Upernavik(Greenland)-41 20 Nord (Greenland) -51.1 17 Northice(Greenland)-66.1 Klinck (Greenland) -69.6 Nord Ice (Greenland)-70* * unofficial Summit (Greenland) -63.3 1.8 Kangerlussuaq (Green.)-47.2 25.5 Torshavn (Faroe) -13.5 22.1 Vaga Floghavn (Faroe)-12.3 26.3 DJIBOUTI Djibouti City 15 47.2 Djibouti Serpent 49.5* * questioned Tadjourah 49.5 Lac Assal 52.3* * unofficial Ali Sabieh 12.5 DOMINICA Roseau 15.6 36.7 Roseau Botanic Gar.14.4* 37.2* * suspicious, likely taken with not proper instruments Melville Airport 16.1 34.3 Canefield Airport 18 35.4 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Santo Domingo 13 37 Santo Domingo Airp.11.4 37 Puerto Plata 10.6 39.8 Santiago 10.1 39.8 Duverge 10.2 42.8 Constanza -1 32.5 Valle Nuevo -3.5 Duarte Peak -8* * unofficial ECUADOR Quito Observatory 0 27 Guayaquil 14 37.3 Cuenca -2.9 28 Zamora 6 35 Tiputini 14 38 Nuevo Rocafuerte 14 38.5 Putumayo 38.6 Riobamba -3.6 28.3 Izobamba -4.3 24.1 Latacunga -4.5 Chalpatan -6 Olmedo -10.5* * very dubious El Refugio Cotopaxi-14.2 San Cristobal (Galapagos)12.7 35 Genovesa Island (Galapagos) 38* * dubious Bellavista (Galapagos) 11* * dubious EGYPT Cairo 0.8 48.4 Giza -4 48 Alexandria 2.2 45.1 Kharga -2.1 50.3 Aswan 1.6* 49.3* * old town records of 1.0C and 51.0C were recorded under not proper exposure conditions Luxor -2 50 Port Said 0 45 Sharm El Sheik 5 45 Nekhel -8.8 42.2 Jabal Zubayr -15 EL SALVADOR San Salvador City 8.2 38.5 San Salvador Airport8.3 37.5 Acajutla 15.1 40.2 La Union 13 42 San Miguel 10.2 44.8 Montecristo 0.1 24 Los Naranjos -6 32 EQUATORIAL GUINEA Malabo 16 35.3 Bata 15 35 Moka Valley 8 ERITREA Asmara -1.1 31.1 Massawa 12.6* 46.7* * old extreme temperatures of 10.0C and 48.0C were taken under bad exposure conditions ESTONIA Tallin -34.4 34.3 Tartu -38.6 35.2 Voru -43.4 35.6 Jogeva -43.5 ETHIOPIA Addis Abeba Obser. 2* 31* * extreme temperatures of -3.5C and 34.0C were recorded in other parts of the city Jimma -8* 38 * very dubious Alemaya -7.5 Sanetti Plateau -15 26 Dire Dawa 3 42 K'elafo 47.2 Dallol 48.9 FIJI Suva 12 37.2 Nadi 11.7 36 Nacocolevu 39.4 Nadrau 6.5 Rotuma Island 17 34.1 FINLAND Helsinky Ilmala -36 33.1 Helsinky Vantaa -35.9 32.1 Helsinki Kaisaniemi-34.3 31.6 Turku -35.5 35.9 Joensuu -40 32 Tampere -37 33.1 Jyvaskyla -38.5 35 Inari -48.7 34.7 Rovaniemi -47 30.6 Kittila-Pokka -51.5 30 Oulu -41.5 33.3 Lappeenranta -38 33.5 Lahti -40 33.6 Kuopio -41 33.7 Sodankyla -49.5 31.7 Marienhamn (Aland)-32.9 31.3 FRANCE Paris Downtown -23.9 40.4 Paris St.Maur -25.6 Paris Orly -16.8 40 Nice -7.4 37.7 Marseille -16.8 39.7 Strasbourg -23.4 38.5 Lille -19.5 36.6 Bordeaux -16.4 40.7 Perpignan -11 40.5 Lyon -24.6 40.5 Auxerre -20.2 41.1 Caen -19.6 38.9 Grenoble -27.1 39.5 Limoges -21.7 37.2 Nantes -15.6 40.3 Montpellier -17.8 37.5 Toulon -9 40.1 Toulouse Airport -19.2 40.7 Le Luc 42.7 Tolouse Francazal 44* * questioned Cugnaux 44* * questioned Vallon-Pont-d'Arc 44* * questioned Conqueyrac 44.1* * questioned Saint Christol les Ales 44.1* * questioned Chamonix -31 37.2 Mouthe -41* * questioned Mount Blanc -43 3 Ajaccio -8.1 40.3 Bastia -5 38.3 St Pierre (St Pierre Miq.)-22.5 28 Cayenne (French Guyana) 17.2 36 Regina (French Guyana) 17 39 Saul (French Guyana) 14.8 Fort de France(Martinique)13.4 35 Lamentin (Martinique) 14.1 34.6 Saint Pierre (Martinique) 16.4 36.5* * dubious Trinite (Martinique) 35.4 Le Morne Rouge (Martinique)12.6 32 Fonds-St-Denis (Martinique) 12* 33.2 * very dubious Raizet (Guadeloupe) 13 34.2 Basse Terre (Guadeloupe) 15 35 St-Claude (Guadeloupe) 9.8 33 Les Saintes (Guadeloupe) 18.4 36.4 Gustavia (Saint Barthelemy) 15.6 35.2 Orleans (Saint Martin) 17 36.4 Papeete (French Polynesia)14.9 34.5 Takaroa (French Polynesia)19.5 35.6 Atuona (French Polynesia) 18.1 36.1 Rikitea (French Polynesia) 11 34.6 Rapa (French Polynesia) 8.5 31.6 Noumea (New Caledonia) 11.1 37.4 Boulouparis (New Caledonia) 39.9 Bourail (New Caledonia) 2.3 Hihifo (Wallis) 17.5 33.3 Maopoopo (Futuna) 19 34.9 Saint Denis (Reunion I.) 12.8 34 Le Port (Reunion I.) 36.9 Gite de Bellecombe (Reunion)-5 Dzaoudzi (Mayotte) 15.6 35 Tromelin Island 17.4 34.6 Glorioso Island 15 35.1 Juan de Nova Island 16 35 Europa Island 9.4 35.5 Port Aux Francais (Kerguelen) -9.4 23 Crozet Island -6.6 23.6 Amsterdam Island 1.8 26.4 GABON Libreville 16.1 35.1 Franceville 12 36 Lambarene 13.8 36.8 Mouila 12.5 37.2 Tchibanga 37.5 Mekambo 10 GAMBIA Banjul 7.2 43.6 Fatoto 45.1 Basse Santa Su 45.5 GEORGIA Tbilisi -24.4 40.6 Kutaisi -17 42 Chiatura -20 42.5 Batumi -9.5 41 Mt Kazbegi Met.Stat.-42 21 Sukhumi (Abkhazia) -14 41 Pskhu (Abkhazia) -27 41 Tskhinvali (S.Ossetia)-28 36 GERMANY Berlin -26.1* 37.9 * unofficial temperature of -32C was recorded in 1795 Bonn -25 38.5 Frankfurt -23.8 38.7 Munich -31.6 37.1 Hamburg -29.1 38.8 Stuttgart -25.8 37.7 Essen -24 36.6 Bremen -23.6 37.6 Dresden -30.5 36.9 Hannover -26 38.1 Koln -23.4 38.8 Leipzig -27.6 37 Dusseldorf -22.8 38.5 Karlsruhe -25.4 40.2 Landesbut -45* * unofficial Funtensee -45.8* * unofficial, questioned Hull -37.8 Zugspitze -35.6 17.9 Freiburg im Breisgau-22.4 40.2 Garmersdorf 40.2 Perl-Nenning 40.3* * originally 40.8C ,was later officialized with this value GHANA Accra 15 38 Kumasi 10.6 38.9 Dormaa-Ahenkro 7.2 Bui 6.6 Navrongo 43.9 GREECE Athens Hellinikon -4.2 42.2 Athens Votanikos -10.4 44.5 Elefsina -7 48 Tatoi -8.8 48 Thessalonik -14 44 Patras -6.4 43.5 Heraklion (Crete) -1 44.4* * a questioned 45.7C was recorded in the city station in 1916 Rhodes Airport -3.9 42 Larissa -21.6 45.4 Ptolemaida -27.8 34 GRENADA Saint George's Airp. 18 34 Richmond Hill 34.4 Grand Etang 13 GUATEMALA Guatemala City 4.2 33.4 Guatemala Airport 7 34.5 San Jose 12 40 Flores 9 42 Estanzuela 7 45 Puerto Barrios 11 39.6 Coban 0.8 34.2 Chichicastenango -8.5 31.4 Huehuetenango -5.5 34 Quetzaltenango -11 33 Olintepeque -11.5 29.6 GUINEA Conakry 16.1 36.1 Labe 3.8 40 Bareing 2.5 Mali Ville 1.4 Siguiri 6.8 42.5 Koundara 45 GUINEA BISSAU Bissau Downtown 12.2 41.1 Bafata 10 43.6 Farim 7 43.2 GUYANA Georgetown 16.6 37.2 Mazaruni 15 37.8 Kaieteur Falls 13 Ebini 39 Lethem 39 Mount Roraima 1* * unofficial HAITI Port au Prince 15 38.2 Turgueau 40.3 Fort des Pins 1 Seguin 1 HONDURAS Tegucigalpa 3.9 37.8 San Pedro Sula 10 43.3 Santa Rosa de Copan 4.8 35.5 La Esperanza -0.6 HUNGARY Budapest Downtown -23.4 40.6 Budapest Airport -26.4 40.7 Debrecen -31.6 40.2 Szeged -29.1 39.8 Pecs -27 41.3 Csongrad 41.6 Bekescsaba 41.7 Kiskunhalas 41.9 Miskolctapolca -35 ICELAND Reykjavik -24.5 25.7* * 26.2C was recorded in the unofficial automatic city station Akureyri -33 29.4 Teigarhorn -22.9 30.5 Grimsstaoir -38 Moorudalur -38 INDIA New Delhi -0.6 47.2 Mumbai Airport 7.4 43.3 Mumbai Downtown 11.7 40.6 Kolkata (Calcutta) 5 43.9 Chennai (Madras) 13.9 45 Bangalore 7.8 41 Allahabad -0.7 48.8 Lucknow -1 47.7 Jaipur -2.2 48.5 Nagpur 4 48.6 Hyderabad 6.1 45.5 Jammu 0.6 47.2 Chandigarh 0 46.5 Goa 14.1 39.8 Bikaner -4 49.4 Ganganagar -1.1 50 Alwar 50.6 Pachpadra 50.6 Cherrapunji 0.6 30.6 Srinagar -14.4* 38.3 * a questioned -20.0C also recorded in February 1895 Leh -28.6 33.9 Dras -45* 33 * Dras temperatures were taken under not standard exposure conditions Siachen Glacier -55* * unofficial Sia La -55* * unofficial Minnicoy Island 16.7 36.7 Port Blair (Andaman)14.6 37.2 Car Nicobar (Nicobar)18.9 35 INDONESIA Jakarta Observat. 18.9* 36.7 * a lowest of 17.4C recorded at the Soekarno Airport Jakarta Perdanakusuma 16.9 Surabaya 16.5 38.8 Semarang 17 38.7 Medan 17.2 36 Ujung Pandang 14.4 38.4 Den Pasar (Bali) 17 35.2 Bandung 11.3 34.4 Cirebon Jatiwangi 39.5 Sampaling 42* * unofficial, dubious Diyeng 0.5 Mount Pangerango 0.5 20.7 Puncak Jaya -8* * unofficial IRAN Tehran -20.6 42.8 Abadan -5 51.8 Ahvaz -7 52.2 Hamidiyeh 52.5 Jask 5 44.8 Esfahan -19.4 43.3 Shiraz -14 43.2 Tabriz -25 42 Mashad -28 43.8 Saqqez -36 41 Bijar -36* 38.2 * a questioned temperature of -38C was likely recorded with not proper instruments Kheyrabad -36.4* * dubious IRAQ Baghdad -8.5* 50.4 * unofficial temperature of -12.2C also recorded Basra -4.7 51 Ash Shu'aybah -7.2 51.7 Kirkuk -7 49.5 Nassirya Airport -7.2 51 Najaf -7.2 51.2 Mossul -17.6 51.1 Ad-Diwaniyah -8.3 51.7 IRELAND Dublin -15.6 30.6 Cork -9.4 29.4 Shannon -11.9 31.6 Valentia -7.2 29.8 Kilkenny Castle -14 33.3 Markree Castle -19.1 29.4 ISRAEL Tel Aviv -1.9 45.6* * a questioned record of 46.5C was also set in 1916 Jerusalem -6.7 42.2 Haifa -3 43.7 Ramat David -11.5 44 Beer Sheva -5 46.2 Eilat Observatory 0.9 47.2* * 48.8C was recorded in the Airport Station Sedom 3 48.8 Qalya (West Bank) 51.2 Jericho (West Bank) 0 50.5 East Jerusalem (West Bank) -6.7 44.4 Hebron (West Bank) -7.2 Gaza (Gaza Strip) -2 45.9 Deganya -0.8 49 Tirat Tsvi 52.7* * questioned, taken under not proper exposure conditions Tel Tanim -13.1 Mount Avital -14.3* * unofficial, questioned ITALY Rome City -8.2 42 Rome Ciampino Air. -11 40.6 Rome Fiumicino Air.-7.8 38.6 Milan City -17.2 39.8 Turin City -21 41.4 Turin Airport -21.8 37.4 Florence City -13 42 Florence Airport -23.2 42.6 Venice -13.5* 36.6 * -17.5C were recorded in January 1709 Genoa -8 37.8 Bologna -18.8 39.8 Perugia -15.8 40 Naples -5 40 Bari -5.9 45.6 Palermo Observatory-0.5 44.6* * a questioned 45.5 also recorded in August 1885 Cagliari -4.8 43.7 Catenanuova 48.5 Lampedusa Island 2.2 39.9 Plateau Rosa -34.6 17.2 Mount Rose -41 7.3* * a record of 8.3C in August 2008 is likely to be faulty Livigno -38* 29 * unofficial reading of -43C was claimed in February 1956 in the lowest parts of the town Gran Gioves -42 Busa di Manna -43.8* * recorded in a frost hollow JAMAICA Kingston 13.3 36.4 Montego Bay 12.8 36 Bodles 37.2 Castleton Gardens 37.8 Mandeville 10 Blue Mount.Range 0.7 23.3 JAPAN Tokyo City -9.2 39.5* * unofficial 42.7C was recorded at the Primary School Station Osaka City -7.5 39.1 Kyoto -9.4 38.6 Sendai -11.7 36.8 Sapporo -25 36 Yamagata -20 40.8 Tajimi 40.9 Kumagaya 40.9 Mount Fujiyama -35.5 18.2 Asahikawa -41 35.9 Nagoya -10.3 39.9 Nagasaki Airport -7 37.6 Hiroshima -9 37.9 Naha (Okinawa) 5 35.6 Iwo To Island 12 35 Minamitorishima Is.12.8 36 JORDAN Amman -6.5 43.4* * 44C also recorded in the Roman Amphitheatre Station Ma'an -8.4 42.6 Aqaba 0.6 48.8 Jordan University Farm 50* * taken in a desert area near Al-Karameh Allenby Bridge 51* * recorded on the border with Palestine Shoubak -14 38.2 KAZAKHSTAN Astana -51.6 42.2 Almaty -37.7 43 Atbasar -44.8 42.2 Semey -51.4 42.5 Kazalinsk -40 44 Pavlodar -47.2 41 Karamola -33 47 Turkestan -38.6 49.1 KENYA Nairobi 2 32.8 Mombasa 13.6 38.9 Garissa 13.9 41 Wajir 14.5 42.6 Eldoret 1.1 30.6 Ettrick Estate -3.3 Teleki Valley -11 Mount Kenya -19* * unofficial KIRIBATI Bonriki (Tarawa) 21 35.3 London 19 33 Butaritari 18.9 35 Arorae 20.7 36.8* * very dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments Tabuareran 18.3 Christmas Island 18.9 34.4 Beru 20.3 34.7 Banaba 20 35.6 KUWAIT Kuwait Int. Airport -4 51.3 Kuwait City -4.4 49.6 Abdaly 51.9 Sulaibiya 52* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments Mitribah 52.6* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments Bubiyan -4.8 50.4 Al Salmi -4.8 49.2 Al Shiqaya -5* * unofficial KYRGYZSTAN Bishkek -34.4 42.8 Chuy 44 Ak Say -53.6 23.5 LAOS Vientiane 2.4 41.1 Luang Prabang 0.8 44.8* * very dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments Savannakhet 4 42 Xiang Khoang -3.2 37 LATVIA Riga -34.9 35 Liepaja -32.9 33.7 Aluksne -37.4 33.3 Daugavpils -43.2 36.4 LEBANON Beirut Observatory -1.1 43.2 Beirut Nazareth -1.5 44 Tripoli -2.3 39.6 Ksara -18.3 41.2 Yammoune -22.7 Haouch ed Dahab 47 LESOTHO Maseru -9.6 38.5 Lets'eng-La-Draai -20.4 LIBERIA Monrovia Downtown 18 36.5 Roberts Int.Airport 12.8 36.7 Masambolahun 7.8 Sikombe 40.6 LIBYA Tripoli Airport -1 48.5 Misurata 0 47 Benghazi Benina 0 45.6 Ghadames -8 48 Jalu -0.6 48.9* * a reading of 50.8C of July 1933 was taken with not proper instruments Hon -9 48.5 LIECHTENSTEIN Vaduz -26 36 LITHUANIA Vilnius -37.2 35.4 Kaunas -36.3 35.1 Zarasai 37.5 Utena -42.9 LUXEMBOURG Luxembourg -23.1 37.9 Larochette -23 37 Wiltz -24.3 Clemency -24.3 MACEDONIA Skopje -25.6 43.2 Bitola -29.4 41.2 Berovo -31.5 39 Demir Kapija 45.7 MADAGASCAR Antananarivo 1 35 Toamasina (Tamatave)11.3 38.6 Toliara 6.1 42.2 Arivonimamo -1 32.4 Nanokeli -8.5 Mount Andringitra -11 30 Andringitra Massif -16* * unofficial Behara 44.4 Tranoroa 46.5* * suspicious, likely taken with not proper instruments Diego Suarez Island 13.8 36.3 MALAWI Lilongwe -0.5 38.9 Blantyre 6.5 38 Zomba 7 35 Mzuzu -2 32.7 Chelinda -6.7* * unofficial temperature of -12C also recorded Nsanje (Port Herald) 43.9 Ngabu 45 Chikwawa 45 MALAYSIA Kuala Lumpur 17.7 37.2 Penang 18 37 Kuching 17.5 39.5 Chuping 40.1 Cameron Highlands 7.8* 26.7 * an unofficial lowest of 2.2C was recorded in January 1937 MALDIVES Male 17.2 36 Kadhdhoo 36.8 MALI Bamako 6.1 46.1 Kayes 8.8 48.1 Gao 6.5 48.2 Timbuctu 4.8 47.8 Kidal 0.5 47.8 MALTA Valletta 1.2 40.5 Luqa Airport 1.4 43.8 Balzan 2.6 43.1 Ta'Qali -1.7* * unofficial MARSHALL ISLANDS Majuro 20 33.3 Kwajalein 20 33.3 Eniwetok 34.4 Ujelang 35 MAURITANIA Nouakchott 3.9 48 Nouadhibou 5 45.4 Bir Moghrein 1 49.1 Kiffa 5 49 Atar 2 48.8 Akjoujt 6 50* * dubious Moudjeria 50* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments MAURITIUS Port Louis 11.5* 37.5 * 9.9C recorded at the Pamplemousse Botanical Garden Agalega Island 16.9 35.1 Rodrigues Island 14.5 34 Raphael Island(Cargados) 15.9 35.3 Vacoas 7.7 31.6 Belle Rive 6.5 MEXICO Mexico City -4.4 33.9 Acapulco 11 40.5 Manzanillo 12.2 39.6 Guadalajara -5.5 39.6 Puebla -9 37.8 Monterrey City -8.5* 46.5 * unofficial -15C were recorded in February 1895 in the highest parts of the city Tijuana -3.3 41.8 La Paz -1.9 43.1 Tampico -2.5 44 Ciudad Victoria -6.1 48.5 Cancun 7.2 39.5 Merida 5 43.5* * a record of 45.0C was reported in the city northern station Mexicali -8 50 Mexicali Agro Station-6 52* * questioned, likely taken with not proper instruments Rancho Williams -5 52* * questioned, likely taken with not proper instruments Delta -3 52* * questioned, likely taken with not proper instruments Chihuahua -15 41.4 La Rosilla -26.2 San Juanito -27 36 Valerio -28.5* * suspicious, likely taken under not proper conditions in a sinkhole MICRONESIA Palikir 18.3 36.1 Joy Island 18 35 Truk 19 36.1 Yap 17.8 35.1 MOLDOVA Chisinau -31.5 39.4 Bratuseni -35.5 Ialoveni 41 Cahul 41 Camenca (Transnistria) 41.5 Slobodzya (Transnistria) 41.9 Tiraspol (Transnistria) -32 41 MONACO Monaco Ville Monte Carlo -2.3 34 Jardin Exotique -5.2 MONGOLIA Ulaan Bataar -49 38.6 Buyant-Uhaa -37 40 Khongor 44 Uvs Lake -56 MONTENEGRO Podgorica Downtown -9.6 44.8 Podgorica Airport -12 42.3 Rozaje -32 36 MOROCCO Rabat Sale -3.2 48 Rabat Ville -1 47.8 Casablanca -2.7 43.5 Fez -7.9 47.1 Tangier -4.2 43.5 Agadir -2.6 48.9* * a 51.6C record of August 1940 was likely taken with not proper instruments Marrakech -5 46.6* * a questioned 49C was likely taken with not proper instruments Ifrane -23.9 37 El Aaiun(W.Sahara) 2.8 47.2 Semara (W.Sahara) 2.8 50.7 MOZAMBIQUE Maputo 6.5 45.5 Pafuri 1 46 Maue -2.8 37.4 Chibuto 47.3 MYANMAR Naypydaw * 10 41.1 * scattered data of Pyinmana are used Yangon (Rangoon) 9.2 42 Mandalay 5.6 45.6 Minbu 45.8 Magwe 46 Lashio -2.5 41 Haka -6 NAMIBIA Windhoek -3.9 39 Gobabis -6.9 39 Walvis Bay 3.1 39.5 Walvis Bay Airport 0 41.5 Noordoewer 47.8 Stampriet -10.5 NAURU Yaren 18.9 35.9 NEPAL Kathmandu -3.5 37.8 Pokhara 1.8 38 Chisapani 46 Dhangadi 46.4 Lomangtang -22.5 Machhermo -25* * unofficial NETHERLANDS Amsterdam -24 36.8 The Hague -25 37 Vlissingen -19.6 35 Eindhoven -21.7 36.4 Maastricht -20.2 38.4 Rotterdam -20.3 36.5 Warnsveld 38.6 Winterswijk -27.4 Oranjestad (Aruba) 18.9 35.3 Queen Beatrix Airport (Aruba)20.3 36.5 Flamingo Airport (Bonaire) 19.8 36.3 Kraledijk (Bonaire) 16.4 35.5 Hato Airport (Curacao) 19 38.3 Willemstad (Curacao) 19 36 Princess Juliana AP(St Marteen)17 35.1 Roosevelt AP(Sint Eustatius) 16.4 34.3 Oranjestad (Sint Eustatius) 16.3 National Marine Park (Saba) 16 35 NEW ZEALAND Wellington -1.9 31.1 Auckland -2.5 32.4* * a temperature of 34.4C was recorded in Albert Park Station Kaitaia -1 30.5 Christchurch -10 42* * highest temperature was recorded in the Gardens Station Dunedin -8.8 36 Invercargill -8 32.2 Ruatoria 39.2 Rangiora 42.4 Jordan 42.4 Chateau Tongariro -13.6 30 Ophir -21.6 Raoul Island 7.4 31 Chatam Island -2.3 25.4 Campbell Island -7.9 21.2 Enderby Island -4.2 16.9 Alofi (Niue) 11.5 34 Vaipapahi (Niue) 10.7 34.3 Niue Airport (Niue) 10.6 33.1 Aitutaki(Cook Islands) 12.8 35.6 Mauke (Cook Islands) 13.1 34.8 Avarua-Rarotonga(Cook) 8.9 33.9 Penrhyn (Cook Islands) 15.6 37.3* * questioned, likely taken with not proper instruments Pukapuka (Cook Islands)17.8 37.2* * questioned, likely taken with not proper instruments Atafu (Tokelau) 37.9* * suspicious Nukunono (Tokelau) 35.5 Fakaofo (Tokelau) 19* * a highly suspicious reading of 16.7C was recorded in August 1952 NICARAGUA Managua 14 39 Jinotega 8.9 34.2 Ocotal 7.7 39 Esteli 5.5 35.8 Chinandega 10 42 San Francisco Libre 42* * dubious Leon 13 40.1 Rivas 16.3 36.6 Bluefields 16.1 39.4 NIGER Niamey 8.3 47 Agadez 3 46.1 Bilma -2.4 47.1 Nguigmi 3 47 Tillabery 6 46.6 NIGERIA Abuja 8 41 Lagos 13.9 37 Port Harcourt 13.9 37.2 Ilorin 9 40 Kano 5 43.3 Sokoto 7.2 47.2 Jos 4.4 34.4 Potiskum 2.8 NORTH KOREA Pyongyang -30.2 37.7 Chunggangjin -43.6 38 Wonsan -21.9 39.6 NORWAY Oslo Airport -26 34.2 Oslo Observatory -29 35 Bergen -16.3 31.8 Trondheim -26.1 35 Tromso -18.4 30.2 Hammerfest -21 28 Nesbyen -35.5 35.6 Roros -50.4 30.7 Kautokenio -50.3 Karasjok -51.4 32.4 Bjornoya Island -31.6 23.6 Hopen Island -36.9 17.8 Jan Mayen Island -28.4 18.1 Longyearbyen(Svalbard) -46.3 21.3 Gronfjorden (Svalbard) -49.4 Bouvet Island -18.7 10.6 OMAN Muscat Airport 9.4 49 Salalah 10 47.2 Fahud 5.6 50.7 Buraimi 2.5 50.8 Sohar Majis 50.8 Saiq -3.6 37.1 Jabal ash Sham -7.8 26.8 PAKISTAN Islamabad -4.3 46.6 Lahore City -2.2 48.3 Karachi 0 47.8 Sibi 52.6 Jacobabad -3.9 52.8 Peshawar -3.9 50 Quetta -18.3 42 Sakardu -22.2 Astore -26 PALAU Melekeok Nekken Forestry 18.9 34.4 Koror 20 34.4 PANAMA Panama City 17.5 38 Puerto Colon 18.9 36.1 San Francisco 40 Bajo Grande 2 Baru Volcano -6* * unofficial PAPUA NEW GUINEA Port Moresby 14.4 37.2 Lae 17.3 38.7 Erap 38.9 Goroka 6.1 30.6 Tambul -2.3 Yumbisa -3 Kieta (Bougainville)17.8 35.6 PARAGUAY Asuncion Downtown -1.7 43.3 Asuncion Guarani AP-1.2 40 Ciudad del Este -3 40.2 Encarnacion -6 42 Concepcion -2.8 42.6 Pedro Pena -7 44.8* * unofficial 46C also recorded Prats Gill -7.5 44.4* * unofficial 46C also recorded PERU Lima Airport 8.7 33.9 Iquitos 12.2 39 Cuzco -9 30 Arequipa -4 30 Tacna 0 33.5 Pucallpa 8 40 Neshuya 41.1 Mazo Cruz -25.2* * unofficial temperature of -27.7C also recorded Chuapalca -28.2* * suspicious, likely taken under not proper exposure conditions PHILIPPINES Manila Downtown 14.5* 38.6 * 13.5C also recorded in February 1767 Tuguegarao 12.2 42.2 Baguio 3 29.7 Mount Pulog -8* * unofficial Iloilo 16.5 37.8 Cotabato (Mindanao)18.3 36.7 Gen.Santos (Mindanao)17 39 Malaybay (Mindanao) 12 36.2 POLAND Warsaw -33.7 36.4 Lodz -30.3 37.6 Krakow -29.9 36.7 Poznan -28.5 38.2 Proszkow (Opole) 40.2 Siedlce -41 35.5 Rabka -42.2* * unofficial, temperatures as low as -46C also reported nearby in 1929 PORTUGAL Lisbon -1.2* 43 * a record of -2.8C was set in another city station in 1956 Porto -5 40.1 Faro -1.2 44.3 Amareleja 47.4 Penhas da Saude -16 Miranda do Douro -16 Funchal (Madeira) 4.5 38.3 Sanatorio do Monte (Medeira) 39 Santo da Serra (Madeira) 40* * unofficial Arieiro Peak (Madeira) -3.9 Bica da Cana (Madeira) -9.5* * dubious Porto Santo (Madeira) 5 35 Santa Maria (Azores)4.8 30.7 Madalena (Azores) 32.1 Cerrado dos Bezerros (Azores) 0.3 26.5 Cha das Lagoinhas (Azores) -3.5 QATAR Doha Airport 3.8 49.6 ROMANIA Bucharest -32 41.6 Timisoara -35.3 41 Iasi -36.6 40.1 Cluj -34.2 38 Constanta -25 38.5 Galati -28.6 40.5 Ion Sion 44.5 Bod -38.5 RUSSIA Moscow -42.2 36.7 St.Petersburg -35.9 34.6 Nizhniy Novgorod -41.4 36.4 Kaliningrad -33.3 36.5 Archangelsk -45.2 34.4 Murmansk -39.4 32.9 Novosibirsk -51.1 40 Omnsk -49 40.4 Pechora -56 34.9 Ust'Schugor (Europe)-58.1 35 Sochi -13.4 39.4 Grozny (Chechnya) -31.5 41.4 Elista -34 42.9 Astrakhan -33 41 Dosang 43.4 Upper Baskunkak 44* * recorded with not proper instruments, was also rounded at 45C Zelenchukskoy 44* * likely taken with not proper instruments Nazrani 45* * recorded with not proper instruments El'ton 45* * recorded with not proper instruments Krasnoyarsk -52.8 36.5 Irkutsk -49.7 37.2 Verkhojansk -67.6* 37.3 * originally -69.8C, later corrected for overexposure of the instrument Oymyakon -67.7* 33.3 * an extrapolated data of -71.2C also on records Yakutzk -64.4 38.3 Vladivostok Airport -36 36 Vladivostok Port -31.4 33.6 Yuzhno-Kuril'ske -20.3 30.5 Aksha (Asia) -50.1 41.7 Golomjannyj Island-48.9 13 RWANDA Kigali 9 35.4 Butare 9.5 31.4 Ruasa 7 ST KITTS AND NEVIS Basseterre 17 35.1 La Guerite 16.1 34 Charlestown (Nevis) 18 32.7 ST LUCIA Castries 15.6 35.6 Soufriere 13.3* 36.1* * Soufriere old data was likely taken with not proper instruments Hewanorra Airport 17.4 33.1 ST VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES Kingstown Airport 18 35.6 Camden Park 35.6 Kingstown Downtown 16.7 33.9 SAMOA Apia 16.1 34.9 Alaufa 15.3 34.9 Asau 16.8 35.3 Afiamalu 11.1 29.2 SAN MARINO San Marino City -12.9 39.9 Serravalle -18 38.9 SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE Sao Tome 13.3 36 Sto Antonio(Principe)15.6 33.4 Roca 8.7 Mount Cafe 5* * unofficial SAUDI ARABIA Ryad -7.2 48.9 Jeddah 9 49 Yenbo 6.3 49.5 Medina -1 49 Makkah 8 49.8 Abqaiq 51.7 Dhahran -0.5 51.1 Turaif -12.2 47.8 SENEGAL Dakar 10.7 42.7 Saint Louis 6 46.5 Matam 6.8 48.8 Podor 6.1 48 Linguere 5.4 47.7 Kaolak 7.9 46.6 Ziguinchor (Casam.) 7.8 45 Tambacounda 7.2 47.2 Diourbel 4.2 47.5 SERBIA Belgrade -26.2 43.6 Novi Sad -30.7 41.6 Kraljevo -27.1 44.3 Smederevska Palanka-32.6 44.9 Cuprija -28.4 44.6 Nis -23.7 44.2 Sjenica -38 35.6 Karajukica Bunari -39.5 Pristina (Kosovo) -26.3 40 Prizren (Kosovo) -23.4 42 Gnjilane (Kosovo) -32.5 SEYCHELLES Victoria 19.3 34.1 Aldabra Atoll 17.5 36.3 SIERRA LEONE Freetown 15 37* * a questioned record of 38.6C was taken under not proper exposure conditions Bo 12 38.5 Makeni 9 39.4 Musaia 40* * suspicious, likely taken with not proper instruments Bunumbu 8.9 Yengema 6.1 39.4 SINGAPORE Singapore Downtown 18.9 36.1 Singapore Airport 19.4 36 SLOVAKIA Bratislava -36 38.6 Kosice -27 39 Komarno 39.8 Hurbanovo 40.3 Viglas Pstrus-Dolina -41 SLOVENIA Ljubljana -26.4 37.6 Kocevje -31.5 38 Murska Sobota -31 39.8 Maribor -25.8 38.8 Crnomelj 40.6 Babno-Polje -34.5 Lepa Komna -49* * questioned, recorded in an frost hollow SOLOMON ISLANDS Honiara 16.6 35.6 Kira Kira 15.6* 35.7* * very dubious Tulaghi 36.1 SOMALIA Mogadishu 15 39.8 Kisimayo 18 37.8 Baidoa 16.1 38.9 Bosaso 45.2 Qardho 6 Berbera (Somaliland)14.4 47.8 Hargeysa (Somaliland)2.8 37 Erigavo (Somaliland)-3.3* 31 * dubious, like taken with not proper instruments SOUTH AFRICA Cape Town Observ. 1.4 40.9 Cape Town Wingfield-2.2 41.3 Pretoria City -6.1 38.2 Pretoria Airport -1.4 37.9 Bloemfontein -12.2 39.3 Johannesburg -8.2 35.4 Durban 2.6 41.9 Port Elizabeth -0.5 40.7 Sutherland -16 35.5 Buffelsfontein -18.6 35 Vioolsdrif 48.7 Dunbrody 50* * dubious Marion Island -6.8 23.8 SOUTH KOREA Seoul -24.4 38.4 Incheon Airport -20.9 38.9 Pusan -15 36 Pyongjang-dong -29 37 Taegu -20.2 40 Cheju -5 36 Koryong -30.6 Yangpyong -32.6 SPAIN Madrid Observat. -12.5 44.3 Madrid Airport -14.8 42.2 Barcelona Observat. -10 39.8 Barcelona Airport -8 37.3 Seville -5.8 47 La Coruna -3 39.6 Valencia -8 42.5 Alicante -6.2 41.6 Grenada Airport -14.2 42.6 Malaga City -0.9 43.3 Leon -17.4 38.2 Bilbao City -8.6 43.8 Ibiza Island -3 36.6 Albacete Los Llanos -24 42.6 Murcia -5.5 47.8 Estany Gento -32 Ceuta 1.3 38.5 Melilla 0 41.8 Sta Cruz de Tenerife(Canary)8.1 42.6 Gran Canaria AP (Canary) 6.5 44.2 Fuerteventura AP (Canary) 5.4 44 La Palma AP (Canary) 9.4 38.4 Barranco de Masca (Canary) 47.5 Izana (Canary) -9.8 30.4 Pico de la Teide (Canary) -16.8 25.8 Canada de la Grieta (Canary)-21* * unofficial SRI LANKA Colombo City 15.2 37 Batticaloa 17.1 39 Galle 17.1 36.4 Jaffna 16.2 38.7 Trincomalee 18.2 39.8 Anuradhapura 11.8 39.6 Vavuniya 10.5 40.1 Nuwara Eliya -2.7 27.7 SUDAN Khartoum 5.2 47.7 Port Sudan 10 48 Wadi Halfa 1 48.9 Abu Hamed 4.5 49.5 Zalingei -1.2 42.7 El Fasher 0.6 46 Juba (Sout.Sudan) 11.1 43.8 Raga (Sout.Sudan) 5.9 43.9 Damazine(Sout.Sudan)8.5 47 SURINAME Paramaribo Airport 15.2 37.8 Placers L en F de Jong 17 39.3 Sipaliwini 14.8 SWAZILAND Mbabane -6.1 37.2 Manzini 0 42.5 Sidvokodvo (Dearn) 46.1 SWEDEN Stockholm Observ. -32 36 Stockholm Bromma -32.8 35.3 Goteborg -26.4 34.1 Malmo -28 34 Linkoping -32 34.6 Vasteras -36.5 36 Malilla -33.8 38 Ultuna 38 Uppsala -39.5 37.4 Lainio -45 34 Karesuando -49* 32.5 * an unofficial reading of -54C was recorded in the churchyard of the town Jokkmokk -46 34 Sveg -42 36 Lule -41 32.2 Pite -41.5 34.9 Nikkaluokta -49.4 28.5 Vuoggatjalme -52.6 Malgovik -53* * very questioned, recorded with private equipments Buttle (Gotland Is.)-32.8 35.2 Ekerum (Oland Is.) -29.2 Mossen (Oland Is.) 34.5 SWITZERLAND Bern -23.3 37 Geneva -19.9 38.5 Zurich Observat. -24.2 36* * a reading of 37.7C of 1947 have been corrected to 35.8C by Meteo Swiss Zurich Airport -24.8 37.1 Basel -24.1 38.6* * a reading of 39.0C of 1952 have been corrected by Meteo Swiss Roveredo 39.3 Grono -13 41.5* * faulty data, recorded with not proper instruments: highest estimated was 40C Lugano -14 37.1* * a reading of 38.0C of 1945 have been discounted by Meteo Swiss Saentis -32 21 Jungfraujock -35.8 12.7 La Brevine -41.8 33.7 Glattalp -52.5* * unofficial,recorded in a hollow frost SYRIA Damascus Airport -13.5 45.8 Aleppo -12.8 47 Palmyra -10.4 48.3 Deir El Zor -10.4 47.8 Abukmal 49 Hassakah -11 49.4 Tel Abiadh -16.5 Sirghaya -18.5 TAIWAN Taipei -0.2 38.8 Taitong 7.4 39.7 Chenggong 40.2 Taichung -1 39.3 Alishan -11.5 25.5 Yushan North Peak -18.4 TAJIKISTAN Dushanbe -29 44 Khorog -32 38.2 Murghob -47 33 Shaymak -51.6 27 Eastern Pamir -63* * unofficial, dubious Qurghonteppa 46 Kolkhozabad 47 Isanbay -27 47 Shaartuz -23 47 Nizhniy Pyandzh -27 48* * dubious TANZANIA Dar es Salaam Air. 12.8 35.9 Dodoma 7.6 36.7 Tanga 15.5 35.2 Mbeya -2 32 Shume (Neu Hornow) -2.1 Moshi 8 38.9 Kilimanjaro Airport 6 38.7 Kisauni (Zanzibar) 16 39.4 Wete (Pemba) 15.6 Mount Kilimanjaro -22* * unofficial THAILAND Bangkok 9.9 40.8 Pattaya 14.6 37.3 Phuket Town 16.9 37.8 Koh Chiang 15 36.9 Koh Lanta 19.1 38.5 Koh Samui 18.6 36.5 Surat Thani 12.4 39.7 Narathiwat 17.1 39 Chiang Mai 3.7 41.8 Chiang Rai 1.5 41.3 Udon Thani 2.5 43.9 Ubon Ratchathani 7.6 42.4 Sakon Nakhon -1.4 42.3 Dan Sai -1.5 Uttaradit 4.5 44.5 Doi Inthanon -8 Mt.Luang Chiang Dao -9* * unofficial TIMOR LESTE Dili 11.8 36.6 Bazar-Tete 16 36 Viqueque 12 38 Baucau 38* * dubious Bobonaro 38* * dubious Barique 39* * dubious Liquica 41.1* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments Aileu 8.3 Hato Builico 1 25 TOGO Lome 14.3 37.6 Sokode 10 41.2 Mango 10 43.4 Dapaon 44* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments Palime 9.8 TONGA Nuku'Alofa 10 33.1 Fuaamotu 8.7 34 Keppel Island 11.1 34.6 Vava'u 14.1 35 TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO Port of Spain 15.6 36.5 Tobago Airport 18.5 34 Chaguaramas 37.8* * unofficial, questioned Penal 15 TUNISIA Tunis -2 48 Bizerte -2 47.7 Djerba 0 48 El Borma 50.1 Burj al-Hattabah -9 TURKEY Ankara Downtown -24.9 40 Ankara Airport -31.2 41.2 Istanbul -16.1 40.5 Izmir -11.1 43.2 Edirne (Europe) -22.2 44.1 Luleburgaz (Europe)-24.2 Erzurum -40 36.2 Antalya -7.7 45.2 Diyarbakyr -24.2 46.2 Sanliurfa -12.4 46.8 Dalaman 48.5 Cizre 48.6 Agri (Karakose) -45.6 TURKMENISTAN Ashkabad -28 46.7* * unofficial reading of 48C also recorded Krasnovodsk -21.9 44.7 Repetek Reserve -31 50.1 Kushka -33.8 45.5 Chesme -35 49 TUVALU Funafuti 20 34.4 Niulakita 20 Nui 19.5* 35.2 * suspicious UGANDA Kampala 10 36.2 Kabale 2.8 30 Arua 10 38 Kitgum 39.4 Soroti 40.1* * dubious, likely taken with not proper instruments Rwenzori Range -7.7* * unofficial UKRAINE Kyiv -32.2 39.4 Simferopol -25.2* 39.3* * extremes of -30C and 40C were recorded in other city stations Yalta -17.8 39 Sevastopol -22 38 Odessa -29 39.3 Dnepropetrovsk -29.7 40.1 Kherson -33 41 Pavlohrad 41.2 Voznesensk 41.3 Lukhansk -41.9 41 Playi -42* * unofficial UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Abu Dhabi 5.4 49.2 Sharjah 2.5 49.2 Dubai 7.4 47.5 Ras al Khaimah 4.4 48.8 Fujairah 10.8 50.2 Liwa 50.3 Raknah -1 Ra'alat al-Jees -5* * unofficial UNITED KINGDOM Greater London -18.8* 38.1 * - 21.1C also recorded in December 1796 and January 1795 London Greenwich -16.1 37.5 Birmingham -20.8 34.9 Liverpool -14 35 Manchester -17.8* 33.9 * temperatures as low as -24C were recorded during the XVIII century Aberdeen -19.3 30 Glasgow -18.7 31.1 Edinburgh -17.4 31.4 Cardiff -16.7 34.5 Belfast -12.8 30.8 Lossiemouth -27 31 Blackadder -31* * unofficial and questioned reading recorded in December 1879 Brogdale (England) 38.5* * questioned Hawarden Bridge (Wales) 35.2 Greycrook (Scotland) 32.9 Knockarevan (N.Ireland) 30.8 Newport (England) -26.1 Braemar (Scotland) -27.2 Altnaharra (Scotland) -27.2 Rhyader (Wales) -23.3 Magherally (N.Ireland) -17.5 Jersey St Louis -10.3 36 Jersey Airport -10.9 35 St.Aubin (Jersey) -11 Guernsey Airport -7.2 34.3 Saint Peter (Guernsey)-8.4 Isle of Man Airport -9.1 28.9 Douglas (Isle of Man)-11.7 Kirkwall (Orkney) -7.8 25.6 Lerwick (Shetland) -8.9 21.9 Stornoway (Hebridean)-12.2 26.3 St.Mary's (Scilly Is.) -7 27.8 Gibraltar -2.9 40.6 Hamilton (Bermuda) 6.1 34.9 Fort George (Bermuda) 5 Prospect (Bermuda) 3.9* * unofficial, questioned Plymouth (Montserrat) 16.7* 36.1* * extreme temperatures of 15.0C and 36.7C were likely taken under not proper conditions Grand Turk (Turks C.) 15.6 35.6 Georgetown AP(Cayman I.)11.1 34.7 The Valley (Anguilla) 17.9 33.6 Tortola (Virgin Is.) 15.6 35.6 Stanley (Falkland I.)-11.1 26.1 Mount Pleasant (Falkland I.)-10.4 29.2 Grytviken(South Georgia) -19.4 23.5 King Edward Point (S.Georgia)-18.9 26.3 South Thule Is.(S.Georgia) -29.8 Jamestown (St Helena) 14.4 33.9 Mount Actaeton (St Helena)8 Wide Awake F.(Ascension)19 32.2 Georgetwon (Ascension) 20 34 Residency (Ascension) 14.5 30.6 Tristan da Cunha Is. 2.4 27.6 Gough Island -2.7 26.5 Diego Garcia Island 18.3 37.2 Adamstown (Pitcairn) 10 29.9 Henderson Isl.(Pitcairn) 35 URUGUAY Montevideo -5.6 42.8 Salto -5.3 42.2 Rocha -5.8 41.5 Artigas -5.2 42 Mercedes -7.9 42.8 Rivera -5 41.5* * a dubious 44.0C of 1953 was likely taken with not proper instruments Paysandu -7.4 44 Melo -11 42.8 UZBEKISTAN Tashkent -29.5 44.6 Termez -19.7 47 Tamdy -30.1 48.4 Samarkand -25.4 42.4 Kulkuduk -37 47 Mashikuduk 49.7 Karakalpakiya -39.8 46 VANUATU Port Vila Airport 8.5 34.5 Port Vila Downtown 35.3* * an unofficial and questioned 36.2C was recorded in 1907 VATICAN CITY* -8.2 42 * data from the nearby Collegio Romano station is used VENEZUELA Caracas Downtown 7.1 35.3 Caracas Airport 16.1 37.1 Maracaibo 18 41 Ciudad Bolivar 17.7 40.4 Coro 18 41.6 Merida 9 33.2 Mucubaji -8 22 Mifafi Valley -11* * unofficial VIETNAM Hanoi 2.7 40.4* * a old record of 42.8C at the Gia Lam Airport was taken under not standard exposure conditions Ho Chi Min City 13.8 39.4* * a old record of 41.7C was taken with not proper instruments Vinh 4 40.3 Da Nang 7.2 40 Tay Hieu 43* * questioned Quy Chau 42.5 Na Thrang 14.6 39.5 Sa Pa -3.2 33 Trung Khanh -3 Hoang Lien Son -5.7 Truong Sa (Spratly)17.4 35.8 YEMEN Sanaa -5.8 34.4 Aden 14.1 43.3 Ryan 13.8 43.9 Seiyoun 46.3 Socotra Island 17 42 ZAMBIA Lusaka 1.1 39.6 Livingstone -3.7 41.1 Mfuwe 42.3 Sesheke -7.1 Nalisa -8 ZIMBABWE Harare -1.2 35.3 Bulawayo -4 38 Beitbridge -1.1 44.4 Kariba 45.6 Matopos -9.5 ANTARCTICA Vostok -89.2 -12.2 Amundsen-Scott -82.8 -13.6 Mc Murdo -50.6 13.4 Base Orcadas -44 15.2 Base Marambio -38.3 15.2 Base Esperanza -32.3 14.8 Base San Martin -41.2 13.7 Base Belgrano -45 8 Luis Carvjal -44 9 Vanda Station 15 Mawson -36 10.6 Casey -41 9.2 Davis -41.8 13 Byrd Camp -63.3 5 Signy Island -39.3 19.8 MARS Viking Lander 2 -107 Viking Lander 1 -17.2 FOR THE EXTREME TEMPERATURES IN THE UNITED STATES CLICK HERE Special Notes: -The registers of temperatures have been taken during different periods of time, so while for certain stations data are available since the begin of the modern era in 1850 and even before, for other stations data are available only for some decades.
-Some old data with not decimal points could have been rounded.
-For some localities ,records have been merged from different stations when there are no significative microclimatic differences. If there are microclimatic differences, data have been separated.
-Data have been checked by daily and hourly (synops/metars) basis, in many cases with extensive quality controls,weather maps, satellite maps, etc...
-In the case of doubt, please contact the editor.
-Many people have helped me by providing information and data for my site. I would like to thank some of them (sorry if i forget somebody, there are really dozens of people who helped me!). Let me know if i missed to include your name in the following list:
Tomi Eronen, Roland Bert, Bob McDavitt, Tucker Barnes, Natalija Curic, Luis Felipe Miguel, Gustavo Zago Basilio, Philippe Rouzaut, Simone Pietrosanti, Neil Arvanitis, Giuseppe Caridi, Francisco (of meteored.com), Ross Marsden, Doug McGuinn, Willy De Taddeo, Karel Zverina, Jan Isler, Horacio y Agur (from Bilbao), Ivan Jaramillo, Adam Shaheen, Antonio Joyette, Christopher Burt, Luca Rao, Fiorentino Marco Lubelli, Garth Simpson, Coleen de Villiers, Wang Zhiyong, Ismael Marin, Enzo Giudice, Graham Pearce, Massimiliano Simola, Stefano Zerauschek, Joe Meilak, Wendy (from Pretoria), David Shohami, Ernesto de Lara, Massimo Aceti, Stefano Di Battista, Franco Lopes, Jose Angel Nunez, Marina Zuccoli, Ron Anderson, Witold Mizerski, Andre Eid, Alessandro Mandelli, Raul Rodas, Riedner (from Zambia), Musoni Didace, Rosa Maria Araujo, An Willems, Malehloa (from Lesotho), Pierluigi Randi, B.Pathak (from Mauritius), Pavel Stastny, Bernard Duguay, Kreso Pandzic, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research of New Zealand, Kevin Mc Gill, Howard Rainford, Brandt Maxwell, Joel Caceres, Stuart Burgess, James of the Customer Centre of British Met Office, Harve Beller, Mr.Le Chatran, Radim Tolasz, Martin Rowley, Anthony Pallot, Sam Giloi, Meteorological Services of Andalucia Occidental (Spain), T.C. Lee, Jeff Taylor, Juan Abel Miranda, Leonel Alvarez, Judith Ley Garcia, P.Goolaup, Enrique Davalos Gonzalez, Martin Gustincic, Adams Chavula, Brian Kolts, Sheryl LeBlanc, Thomas Auguste, Alan Olson, Mercedes Bullon Fernandez, Taiwan Meteorological Services, Mark Mc Laughlin, Ahmad Zaki Mohamad Saad, Seccion Climatologia del CMT Canarias Oriental, Anahit Hovsepyan, Sverker Hellstrom, Steve Donahue, Gloria Leon, Cayman Met.Service, Susan Watler, Anselmi Elddy, Manel Cascante Torrella, Halina Lorenc, Stelios Pashiardis, Leandro (from Brazil), Vesselin Alexandrov, Peter Ivanov, Boniface (from Zambia), Kate Strachan, Ismail Gizouli, Willis Mills, Liri Mucaj, Lori-Rae Alleyne, Mariano Gutierrez, John Nicolaou, Inger Marie Nordin, Muhammad Ibrahim, Bruno Renon, Renato Sansone, Simone Lussardi, Nicholas (from Mumbai), Alioune Diagne, Hassab El Dayem, Rikke Sjolin Thomsen, Abdus Salam, Rog (from Madeira), Steven Colwell, Andrew Tait, Mercy (from Vanuatu), Joan Self, Fred Burton, Charlotte McBride, Muwaffaq Freiwan, Dave Connell, Reha Yucememis, Aydin Bektas, Lukasz Szoldra, Torny Axell, Alesch Claude, Espen Ronneberg, Laurier Williams, Lesley (from Australia), Laura Aldeco, Rafat Assi, Ms Smith (from Belize), Ricardo Sanz, Brigitha Ayu Widayatri, Ricardo Herrera Jimenez.
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